Eating foods that will prevent plaque buildup in the arteries is a key factor in preventing atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis reduces blood flow in the arteries and impedes adequate circulation of blood, oxygen and nutrients throughout the body. Atherosclerosis increases the risk of fatty deposits dislodging from an artery wall, blocking the blood flow to the brain or the heart and resulting in a heart attack or stroke. A diet of green vegetables, fresh fruits, whole grains and foods rich with omega-3 fatty acids is good for preventing atherosclerosis.

Fish

Fish like salmon, cod and tuna as well as mackerel and trout, herring and canned sardines or canned salmon are rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids. The omega-3 fatty acids are called EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). These omega-3 fatty acids make the blood thinner, increase blood flow throughout the arteries and lower blood pressure, tryclycerides and cholesterol and the risk of heart disease and strokes. Fish oil, cod liver and olive oils are excellent sources of omega-3 fatty acids.

Vegtables

Vegetables like spinach, tomatoes, corn, avocado, garlic, onions, cauliflower, cabbage, collard greens, kale and brussels sprouts provide soluble fiber and other nutrients. Soluble fiber, according to the Mayo Clinic, seems to lower the absorption of cholesterol in the intestines. According to the DWLZ website, avocado helps to lower the levels of LDL (low density lipoprotein or "bad cholesterol"), and tomatoes with the powerful antioxidant lycopene prevent cholesterol from building on the wall of the arteries.

Fruits

Berries are packed with powerful antioxidants that help to scour plaque from the walls of the arteries. Adding strawberries, raspberries, blueberries and blackberries to the diet is a good way to avoid plaque buildup in the arteries. Other fruits like grapefruits, apples and oranges provide fiber to help in eliminating cholesterol; they also provide other vital nutrients.

Other Foods

Other foods that help to keep the arteries in good health include whole wheat pasta, oats, brown rice, soy, legumes, beans, tofu, flax seeds, cheese, chocolate, walnuts and wine.